Ways to Relieve Back Pain

Now that you know common causes of back pain you may have a better understanding of how to prevent and treat it in the first place.  Losing a few pounds may seem like an impossible option but of course it can be well worth the effort when you get some relief for that pain. A big part of relief for your back is using correct posture and lifting with your legs.

But sometimes you need to do something more than all of this.  You take all the precautions possible and still you have back pain - after all, you can’t very well live your life in a recliner or refuse to pick up your children just to keep yourself safe from potential injury! What can you do when you have soreness and pain?

PRESSURE RELIEF

Sometimes the pain you feel is simply muscles cramping up to protect themselves so that they can heal and repair minor injuries. Relieving the pressure on your back can help your body to heal on its own.

Of course, as we’ve already mentioned there is virtually no movement a human can make that doesn’t involve the back.  Even when sitting, the back muscles are tensing up to keep your upper body straight and supported.

Keeping this in mind, you realize how important it is to be in a reclined position that tilts your body back and relieves that pressure on your midsection.  When your feet are higher than your pelvic area then you have less pressure on your back and it can heal. Never put pillows under your feet, but placing pillows under your knees can be a big help when stretching out on the floor. This puts added pressure on the area of the hips which results in the back muscles tensing up even more.

If you’re laying flat on your stomach your back is still working as the front of your body collapses and your back keeps you straight.  You can instead use cushions or pillows under your stomach and upper body area to support yourself so that the back is not working as hard.

HEAT

Why does heat relieve so much pain in the body? Because heat draws blood to the vicinity it assists in getting nutrients and healing elements to where they are required.  When you apply heat to your muscles they relax because the increased blood flow forces them to “unclench” themselves, and especially in areas of the back can this be important.

When your back is in pain you don’t want to overdo it with the heat and of course there are injuries and other conditions that won’t respond readily to heat - if you have a herniated disk that’s not going to be healed with a heating pad! - but often muscles that have been overworked and strained can relax with a simple application of heat.  If you’re at work all day see if you can somehow arrange a heating pad behind you for the duration of the day. If you notice that your back is starting to tense up then lean back and stay that way for a few minutes so that the heat has a chance to work.

Care needs to be taken with hot heating pads on bare skin.  Never sleep on top of one or turn it up too high.  Keep a piece of cloth between your skin and the heating pad - if it doesn’t have its own cover be sure to use a thin towel, sheet, or shirt.

Moist heat can also help the body to relax as the moisture loosens the muscles and skin as well.  You can get a thin towel or washcloth wet and put it between the heating pad and your back.

A hot shower or bath can also go a long way toward relieving that pressure.  A shower massage especially can work those muscles like a massage and force them to loosen up and soothe back pain.

STRETCHING

By making those back muscles relax when they want to clamp up you can reduce the pain. Stretching both your back and sides is a good method to reduce your pain.

This however is a place where caution is also needed.It’s possible to do more damage by overextending yourself.  It’s also important to make sure that you’re stretching properly so that you don’t put added stress on your back.  Many bodybuilders and fitness enthusiasts actually do a lot of damage to their back when stretching and working out simply because they don’t support it the way they should.

Just sit on the floor with your hands behind you and stretch your back slightly.  This will give it support as you pull those muscles loose.  Moving forward carefully and slowly until your body is extended out in front of you can also loosen those muscles.

Flexion and extension

When it comes to stretching, flexion means bending forward and extension means moving backwards.  When you stretch forward you are relieving pressure on the vertebrae and creating more space between them which helps to alleviate the pressure and grinding that is common with back pain. Standing with your feet shoulder-width apart and then bending straight forward to touch your toes is often enough to relieve pressure and pain in the back.Attend to your posture as you do this and make sure you’re not curling yourself up and putting more pressure on your spine, but a simple stretch like this helps to loosen those tight and sore muscles.

When bending backwards you also need to watch your posture and make sure you don’t overextend.  Some have a tendency to think of a particular area they want to touch or span they want to reach, but you need to be mindful of your body’s own flexibility.

EXERCISE

Does anyone really like to exercise?  Sure, there are some who do but not everyone is like this. unfortunately many people see exercise as boring and something to be dreaded and instead prefer to spend their free time stretched out in a favorite chair in front of the television or movie screen.

There are innumerable benefits to regular physical activity for humans, no matter what your physical situation. The increase in blood circulation due to exercise is what brings the required oxygen and nutrients to every cell in the body.  The digestive system, skin, bones, and major organs all benefit in this way from increased blood circulation.  Because the heart and lungs work harder when exercised they become stronger and a person is less likely to suffer from asthma, shortness of breath, heart disease, and conditions such as this.  Regular exercise also helps to keep one’s weight under control and there are many benefits to being at a healthy weight.

But exercise can help repair back problems and prevent a person from having painful back problems.  How so?

The first connection has to do with one’s weight; as we’ve mentioned excess body weight means more stress and strain on the back as it needs to work harder to move that weight around and to keep the body steady and upright.  Many who are overweight also find that their posture suffers quite a bit as this excessive weight pulls them forward, and this too keeps the back muscles tense and painful.

There is more to the connection between exercise and back problems than just weight.  That increased blood circulation means that your back muscles are also getting those important nutrients and healing agents that are delivered by the blood.  Oxygen is one of the most important elements the body needs and uses for healing any wound or injury, and oxygen is delivered by the blood.  When your back muscles are overused, injured or tense, that oxygen is desperately important for it to heal itself.

Exercise helps those back muscles stay loose and relaxed. When you participate in activities like walking, cycling and dancing then the back muscles come into use and are loosened up.  This means that they’re relaxed and less likely to be pulled or cramped when in use.

Just as happens with other body muscles, they become stronger when exercised.  When the back muscles are stronger they’re more resistant to pulls, tears, and overuse.  Regular exercise is good for the back muscles in this way and can help to alleviate pain from these types of injuries.

The bones are strengthened by regular exercise. This may be because the increased blood circulation also helps the bones to strengthen themselves, and so when the bones in the back are stronger then the back is more supported.

 

How to Deal with Spinal Stenosis

A recent study  published by Boston University has determined that lumbar spinal stenosis affects 4.71% of the general population, seemingly a very low number.  However, 47.2%   of individuals in the 60-69 age group have lumbar spinal stenosis on their MRI scan, which is a significant number.  The individuals  that actually  are diagnosed with severe stenosis will approach 20%.  These patients with significant spinal stenosis have a 3 times higher incidence of back pain than the general population.  As our population continues to live longer, spinal stenosis will certainly be  a significant health problem.

Spinal stenosis is the progression of arthritis in the spine occurring in the neck, as well as in the lower back.   As we age, the cartilage in the discs of our spine will lose their ability to hold water.  The water in the discs is what helps the disc move and remain flexible to bending and compression.  As the discs lose their water content, they become more fragile.  If the  fragile cartilage breaks, the condition is called degenerative disc disease.  As discs degenerate, they will begin to bulge and put pressure on the spinal canal and nerve roots.  This disc bulging will decrease the diameter of the spinal canal,a condition referred to as spinal stenosis.  This slows the information that flows between the brain and the extremities.  The arms will be affected by spinal stenosis in the neck and the legs will be affected by lower back (lumbar) spinal stenosis.

Patients with lumbar spinal stenosis will feel back pain, as well as leg pain or fatigue.  Because of the fatigue in the legs, patients will have to sit frequently during walks.Lumbar spinal stenosis will also cause patients to find benches in the mall and grab the cart at the grocery store, in order to make it through their errands due to the fatigue.  Some patients may attribute their fatigue to age and as they continue to remain active later in life, this may severely limit their ability to join in their families activities.The leg fatigue can cause significant pain and cramping during activity, but is lessened when the patient sits down.  The act of sitting  opens the spinal canal by decreasing the curve in the lower back,which also occurs while the patient is leaning on the grocery cart.

Spinal stenosis in the neck can cause more severe symptoms.The cervical spine protects the spinal cord because it descends from the base of the brain.  Because spinal stenosis in the neck puts pressure on the spinal cord, the disc pressure will cause symptoms related to the spinal cord.  These include a decrease in the ability to walk as well as problems with the hands.  Patients may find they tend to stumble, as it becomes harder to control the feet and legs.  They may also find their handwriting getting severely worse and that they have difficulty differentiating the  size and feel of coins or shirt buttons. 

Spinal stenosis is usually treated with physical therapy and anti-inflammatory medications.  Physical therapy is intended to help position the spine and open the spinal canal.  With better posture and stronger core muscles, patients may find their leg symptoms and fatigue improve.  They may find they are able to walk farther or faster.  Oral anti-inflammatory medications are a first-line option for improving the inflammation related to the degenerating discs.  When physical therapy and oral medications no longer provide relief, injections of steroid around the discs and nerves may  decrease  the pain and symptoms related to the nerve pressure.  Some patients are able to tolerate their symptoms with  a few injections per year. 

When all of these efforts fail, surgery  becomes an option for improving the patient’s pain.Surgery is aimed toward relieving the pressure from the arthritis on the spinal canal and nerves.  The mechanical pressure can only be relieved by physically removing the bone spurs or disc protrusions.  The surgical procedures involve removal of bone and disc, as well as protecting the nerve roots.  Fellowship-trained orthopaedic spine specialists have undergone the most intense training available in the treatment of the spine and are uniquely qualified to treat patients with spinal stenosis.

Dr. Jeffrey R. Carlson is a doctor at the Orthopaedic and Spine Center, a leading provider of Hampton Roads orthopedics services such as Hampton Roads spine surgery, Hampton Roads custom fit knee replacement, and many other services.  The Orthopaedic and Spine Center can be found online at:  OSC-Ortho.com